Although the microstrip antenna has been extensively studied in the past few decades as one of the standard planar antennas, it still has a huge potential for further developments. At resonance, the waves travel back and forth in the antenna, reinforcing each other, and are transmitted into space at maximum radiation. The patch antenna is therefore a voltage radiator, as opposed to the wire antennas, which radiate because the currents add up in phase and are therefore. When the antenna is not at resonance, the waves tend to cancel each other and energy is lost in the form. Design and simulation of microstrip phase array antenna. Performance optimization of microstrip antenna array using. So by rotating the antenna, we can obtain cuts of the radiation pattern for instance the eplane cut or the hplane cut.
Two l slits are introduced on the right edge of the patch to study the effect of the slit on radiation. Consider the side view of a patch antenna, shown in figure. Improvement in radiation pattern of yagiuda antenna 1,ankit agnihotri, 2,akshay prabhu, 3,dheerendra mishra b. It consists of a flat rectangular sheet or patch of metal, mounted over a larger sheet of metal called a ground plane. The dipole antenna is cut and bent for effective radiation.
In microstrip antenna, it is the fringing fields that are responsible for the radiation. In any illustration, the sketch drawn to represent the radiation of an antenna is its radiation pattern. The fringing fields around the antenna can help explain why the microstrip antenna radiates. Siddaiah procedia computer science 85 2016 401 a 409 fig. Radiation pattern improvement of a microstrip patch. Hence, it theoretically explains why the amc effects cannot be found in the patch antenna design in 25. Microstrip antenna radiation pattern sixtysec youtube. In order for the antenna to operate under the fundamental tm10 mode, the length of the patchmust be slightly less than. Other configurations are complex to analyze and require heavy numerical computations. P, india abstract here we made an attempt to maximize the gain of microstrip patch antenna. Study on effect of rectangular dms and dgs on 4 and 8 elements.
It is defined for large distances from the antenna, where the spatial angular distribution of the radiated power does not depend on the distance from the radiation source is independent on the power flow direction. View microstrip patch antenna research papers on academia. Using the fractal technology,on sierpinski carpet antenna, return loss measurement, radiation pattern etc. In particular, the dimensions of the patch are given along with the feed network. A compact microstrip patch antenna for wireless communication. Radiation pattern improvement of patch antennas on a largesize substrate using a compact softsurface structure and its. Results the designed microstrip patch antenna with four slits and a pair of truncated corners are simulated using cadfeko for finding the electric far field radiation, gain, directivity, radiation pattern e. Effect of the effective dielectric constant on the. This is the most widely used antenna because of its advantages.
In the second part of this antenna basics series, you will learn more about the physics of how antennas work. Introduction microstrip patch antenna is a key building in wireless communication and global positioning system since it was first demonstrate in 1886 by heinrich hertz and its practical application by guglielmo marconi in 1901. Gui to calculate parameters and plot patterns of microstrip patch. Single radiating element has gain of around 8 dbi and they can be easily arranged into arrays. This is a gui for calculating the design parameters and plotting the radiation characteristics of a rectangular patch antenna. It is a fundamental property of antennas that the receiving pattern sensitivity as a function of direction of an antenna when used for receiving is identical to the farfield radiation pattern of the antenna when used for transmitting. The designed microstrip patch antenna with four slits and a pair of truncated corners are simulated using cadfeko for finding the electric far field radiation, gain, directivity, radiation pattern e. The radiation characteristics of patch antennas with various square substrate sizes from 0. Effect of the effective dielectric constant on the radiation characteristics of a microstrip patch antenna eunhyuk kwak, youngmin yoon, and boogyoun kim school of electronic engineering, soongsil university 511 sangdodong, dongjakgu, seoul 156743, korea tel. Microstrip patch antennas typically have radiation patterns containing unwanted sidelobes or local minima caused by surface waves, especially when fabricated on high dielectricconstant substrates. Figure 1 from radiationpattern improvement of patch. The conducting patch can take any shape but rectangular and circular configurations are the most commonly used configuration. Submission of the antenna radiation patterns in the past when the measured copolar radiation pattern of the antenna or the copolar reference radiation pattern c.
Abstract due to the existence of growth in development of low cost, less weight, highly reliable, minimal profile antennas for wireless. Design of dual band dual polarized microstrip patch antennas. A microstrip antenna array between two fss was proposed for application in wlan. The length of microstrip patch antenna is given by the following equations.
Radiation patterns, permittivity, directivity, and gain october 12, 2016 by mark hughes antennas allow information to be transferred to distant locations. Properties of a basic microstrip patch a microstrip or patch antenna is a low profile antenna that has a number of advantages over. It is a popular printed resonant antenna for narrowband microwave wireless links that require semihemispherical coverage. Pdf radiation pattern improvement of a microstrip patch. It also has a wide angle of beam in its radiation pattern. Such an antenna is called as halfwave dipole antenna. The discussions and conclusions of this paper are helpful in designing and improving the performance of microstrip patch antennas as per need of the society.
Figure 2 present the simulated 2d cut view and 3d far zone eplane radiation patterns for this antenna. Patch antenna calculator file exchange matlab central. Rectaangular microstrip patch antenna for wireless. Fundamental specifications of patch antennas radiation pattern a patch antenna radiates power in certain directions and we say that the antenna has directivity usually expressed in dbi. Improvement of efficiency parameter of a microstrip patch. In the ansoft hfss tutorial 1, a microstrip patch antenna was simulated and the numerical return loss and radiation patterns were shown. Far zone eplane radiation patterns for a regular microstrip patch antenna. A defect is introduced called as meander line resonator by creating defect known as band notch function. Novel design of microstrip antenna with improved bandwidth. For typical patch construction, the 3 db beamwidth is about 65 degrees, or 32.
The electric far field of the microstrip patch antenna is shown in figure. Does anyone have an idea about the wave port or lumped port in hfss,which should be used especially for microstrip patch antenna in uwb range i. The radiation pattern is a graphical depiction of the relative field strength transmitted from or received by the antenna. A microstrip radiator antenna consists of conducting patch on a ground plane, which is separated by a dielectric substrate of relative permittivity in the range of 1. A novel design of broadband patch antenna is presented in this paper. Index terms ultra wide band uwb mbofdm and microstrip patch antenna. Antenna patterns radiation patterns antenna pattern a graphical representation of the antenna radiation properties as a function of position spherical coordinates. It is defined for large distances from the antenna, where the spatial angular distribution of the radiated power does not depend on the distance from the radiation source is independent on the power flow. Improvement in radiation parameters of rectangular microstrip. Normalized radiation pattern for microstrip patch antenna. Rectangular patch antenna fed by microstrip line animation of the vertical component of the electric field dominant mode. Microstrip patch antenna consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate fr4 that has a ground plane cu on the other side as shown in fig.
The length of the total wire, which is being used as a dipole, equals half of the wavelength i. How does the fringing effect in a patch antenna affect the. In section 3, regarding the theoretical study, the conditions needed to achieve a monopoletype, a halfisotropic type, or even a patchtype radiation pattern are determined. This geometry obtained bandwidth enhancement upto 9. Microstrip phase array antenna, circular patch antenna, ads momentum.
The main focus of this paper is to improve band width so that patch antenna is used for wide band applications and. One can simply understand the function and directivity of an antenna by having a look at its radiation pattern. Improvement of microstrip patch antenna radiation patterns. Analysis and design of circular microstrip patch antenna at 5. Isolation improvement of a microstrip patch array antenna. The antenna is not perfecly matched, note standing waves at the feeding line rectangular patch antenna fed by coaxial line animation of the vertical component of the electric field dominant mode. The perspective view of a microstrip patch array antenna system for the indoor wcdma repeater is shown in figure 7. The design and simulation of mic rostrip patch antenna with and without. The patch is generally made of conducting material such as copper or. These results show that a microstrip patch antenna mainly radiates in the vertical direction. Microstrip patch antennas mpas are rapidly gaining more attention due to.
Improvement in radiation pattern of yagiuda antenna. Now that we have our measurement equipment and an antenna range, we can perform some antenna measurements. Optical microstrip patch antennas design and analysis. The proposed repeater antenna consists of a server antenna, a donor antenna, and alumina housing. The way in which beamwidth is determined is shown in figure 1. Z the impedance looking into the shorted metal strip. The paper shows that removal of the substrate beneath the patch can greatly improve the pattern. The purpose of this tutorial is to further discuss the microstrip patch antenna and to present the experimental results. To explain the endfire radiation behavior of the quasiyagi antenna, a comparison of radiation patterns, among 1 microstrip monopole only, 2 microstrip monopole and a reflector, 3 microstrip monopole and a director, 4 microstrip monopole and a reflector with one director, and 5 microstrip monopole and a reflector with six director, is shown in figure 2. The dielectric substrate material used in microstrip antenna are less applications. A capacitive coupled micro strip patch abroadly classified in to relative dielectric constant range of 1 to 2low dielectric constant, 2to4 medium dielectric constant, and 4 to 10high dielectric con stant. Geometry of microstrip patch antenna the width of the microstrip patch antenna was computed with the following equation. Microstrip patch antenna array design to improve better. The designed microstrip antenna showed significant suppression of surface modes compared to conventional patch antenna, thus, improving the gain and farfield radiation pattern.
One is exploring the variety of microstrip antenna topologies to meet the. Miniaturization of microstrip patch antenna using metamaterial. A patch antenna is a type of radio antenna with a low profile, which can be mounted on a flat surface. We will use the source antenna to illuminate the antenna under test with a plane wave from a specific direction. Common types of antenna patterns power pattern normalized power vs. They are the original type of microstrip antenna described by howell in 1972. The proposed metamaterial structu re along with microstrip patch antenna exhibits 32. The paper suggests three areas for further research based on our previous works on microstrip antenna elements and arrays. Improvement of the performance of microstrip patch antenna. The fundamentals of patch antenna design and performance.
Microstrip patch antennas are the new generation of the antennas due to their low. The polarization and antenna gain for the fields radiated toward the test antenna of the source antenna should be known. The radiation pattern is relatively narrow for a simple antenna, which makes patch antennas desirable for assembly into arrays. This is in agreement with the theoretical radiation pattern for these structures. Design rectangular microstrip patch antenna for ieee 802. Beamwidth of an antenna is easily determined from its 2d radiation pattern and is also a very important parameter. The microstrip antenna s radiation arises from the fringing fields, which are due to the advantageous voltage distribution. Jun 18, 2012 the radiation patterns from a microstrip antenna are described in this sixtysec clip. Radiation pattern of the microstrip patch antenna figure 3. Another common radiation pattern cut a cut is a 2d slice of a 3d radiation pattern is when is fixed and varies from 0 to 180 degrees. A parallelplate waveguide cavity model is often used in a rectangular microstrip patch antenna design, particularly for a large patch on an electrically thin substrate. What is the best way to increase the efficiency of microstrip patch. Microstrip patch antenna array design to improve better gains. The basics of patch antennas, updated orban microwave.
Typical half wave patches have efficiencies well above 90%. Antenna radiation patterns are taken at one frequency, one polarization, and one plane cut. Radiation pattern improvement of a microstrip patch antenna. A microstrip antenna is characterized by its length, width, input impedance, and gain and radiation patterns. Microstrip patch antennas are lowprofile antennas popular for higher frequencies 1 ghz. The proposed rectangular microstrip patch antenna was simulated which covers the range of 6. Radiation types and patterns a logical assumption is that energy leaving an antenna radiates equally over 360 degrees. Jun 23, 2008 gui to calculate parameters and plot patterns of microstrip patch. The energy radiated from an antenna forms a field having a definite radiation pattern.
If the antenna had a 100% radiation efficiency, all directivity would be converted to gain. A great circle cut is when 0 and is allowed to vary from 0 to 360 degrees. However, low dielectric constant substrates are generally chosen for maximum radiation. Improvement in radiation parameters using single slot. Resonator is designed to block surface current at resonant frequency of two patch antenna. Electronic warfare and radar systems engineering handbook. Radiation is the term used to represent the emission or reception of wave front at the antenna, specifying its strength. The patch is generally made up of a conducting material such as copper or. The patterns are usually presented in polar or rectilinear form with a db strength scale.
Design and improvement of microstrip patch antenna. Keywords rectangular microstrip patch antenna, antenna feed, antenna radiation pattern. This rectangular microstrip patch antenna is designed for wireless communication application that works at 2. Beamwidth is the angular separation of the halfpower points of the radiated pattern. Radiation mechanism of a microstrip patch antenna consider figure 1. The results obtain that microstrip patch antenna can be used as client antenna in computer and workable antenna for wireless fidelity.
Here study the graph of return loss, input impedance, 2d radiation pattern and 3d radiation pattern. Evaluative assessment of an xband microstrip patch antenna for. Radiation pattern improvement of a microstrip patch antenna using electromagnetic bandgap substrate and superstrate article pdf available in wseas transactions on. Effect of the effective dielectric constant on the radiation. Rectangular microstrip patch antenna for wireless communications at 6. The fields are linearly polarized, and in the horizontal direction when viewing the microstrip antenna as in figure 1a well see why in the next section. Patch antenna surrounded by an ideal compact softsurface structure which consists of a ring of metal strip and a ring of shorting wall i the surface current on the top surface of the softsurface ring. The microstrip antennas radiation arises from the fringing fields, which are due to the advantageous voltage distribution. As return loss,gain and radiation pattern are important similarly efficiency is very.
Abstract a single feed compact square microstrip antenna is proposed in this paper. This paper investigates a new geometry of circular microstrip patch antenna using rectangular slot which can be used for wlan and wimax application. This is a consequence of the reciprocity theorem of electromagnetics and is proved below. The directivity of patch antennas is approximately 57 db. The presence of standing waves describes the condition of resonance in an antenna. A microstrip patch antenna mpa consists of a conducting patch of any planar or nonplanar geometry on one side of a dielectric substrate with a ground plane on other side. Proposed metamaterial antenna reduces the size of the mic rostrip patch antenna substantially and increases the directivity. This charge distribution is controlled by two mechanismsan attractive.
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